Linux防火墙:iptables禁IP与解封IP常用命令
在Linux下,使用ipteables来维护IP规则表。要封停或者是解封IP,其实就是在IP规则表中对入站部分的规则进行添加操作。
要封停一个IP,使用下面这条命令:
iptables -I INPUT -s ***.***.***.*** -j DROP
要解封一个IP,使用下面这条命令:
- iptables –D INPUT –s ***.***.***.*** –j DROP
参数-I是表示Insert(添加),-D表示Delete(删除)。后面跟的是规则,INPUT表示入站,***.***.***.***表示要封停的IP,DROP表示放弃连接。
此外,还可以使用下面的命令来查看当前的IP规则表:
- iptables –list
比如现在要将123.44.55.66这个IP封杀,就输入:
- iptables –I INPUT –s 123.44.55.66 –j DROP
要解封则将-I换成-D即可,前提是iptables已经有这条记录。如果要想清空封掉的IP地址,可以输入:
- iptables –flush
要添加IP段到封停列表中,使用下面的命令:
- iptables –I INPUT –s 121.0.0.0/8 –j DROP
其实也就是将单个IP封停的IP部分换成了Linux的IP段表达式。关于IP段表达式网上有很多详细解说的,这里就不提了。
相信有了iptables的帮助,解决小的DDoS之类的攻击也不在话下!
附:其他常用的命令
编辑 iptables 文件
- vi /etc/sysconfig/iptables
关闭/开启/重启防火墙
- /etc/init.d/iptables stop
- #start 开启
- #restart 重启
验证一下是否规则都已经生效:
- iptables –L
保存并重启iptables
- /etc/rc.d/init.d/iptables save
- service iptables restart
linux下实用iptables封ip段的一些常见命令:
封单个IP的命令是:
- iptables –I INPUT –s 211.1.0.0 –j DROP
封IP段的命令是:
- iptables –I INPUT –s 211.1.0.0/16 –j DROP
- iptables –I INPUT –s 211.2.0.0/16 –j DROP
- iptables –I INPUT –s 211.3.0.0/16 –j DROP
封整个段的命令是:
- iptables –I INPUT –s 211.0.0.0/8 –j DROP
封几个段的命令是:
- iptables –I INPUT –s 61.37.80.0/24 –j DROP
- iptables –I INPUT –s 61.37.81.0/24 –j DROP
想在服务器启动自运行的话有三个方法:
1、把它加到/etc/rc.local中
2、iptables-save >;/etc/sysconfig/iptables可以把你当前的iptables规则放到/etc/sysconfig/iptables中,系统启动iptables时自动执行。
3、service iptables save 也可以把你当前的iptables规则放/etc/sysconfig/iptables中,系统启动iptables时自动执行。
后两种更好此,一般iptables服务会在network服务之前启来,更安全。
解封的话:
iptables -D INPUT -s IP地址 -j REJECT
iptables -F 全清掉了
Linux防火墙Iptable如何设置只允许某个ip访问80端口,只允许特定ip访问某端口?参考下面命令,只允许46.166.150.22访问本机的80端口。如果要设置其他ip或端口,改改即可。
- iptables –I INPUT –p TCP –dport 80 –j DROP
- iptables –I INPUT –s 46.166.150.22 –p TCP –dport 80 –j ACCEPT
在root用户下执行上面2行命令后,重启iptables, service iptables restart
查看iptables是否生效:
- [root@www.xxx.com]# iptables -L
- Chain INPUT (policy ACCEPT)
- target prot opt source destination
- ACCEPT tcp – 46.166.150.22 anywhere tcp dpt:http
- DROP tcp – anywhere anywhere tcp dpt:http
- Chain FORWARD (policy ACCEPT)
- target prot opt source destination
- Chain OUTPUT (policy ACCEPT)
- target prot opt source destination
上面命令是针对整个服务器(全部ip)禁止80端口,如果只是需要禁止服务器上某个ip地址的80端口,怎么办?
下面的命令是只允许来自174.140.3.190的ip访问服务器上216.99.1.216的80端口
- iptables –A FORWARD –s 174.140.3.190 –d 216.99.1.216 –p tcp –m tcp –dport 80 –j ACCEPT
- iptables –A FORWARD –d 216.99.1.216 –p tcp –m tcp –dport 80 –j DROP
更多iptables参考命令如下:
1.先备份iptables
- # cp /etc/sysconfig/iptables /var/tmp
需要开80端口,指定IP和局域网
下面三行的意思:
先关闭所有的80端口
开启ip段192.168.1.0/24端的80口
开启ip段211.123.16.123/24端ip段的80口
- # iptables -I INPUT -p tcp –dport 80 -j DROP
- # iptables -I INPUT -s 192.168.1.0/24 -p tcp –dport 80 -j ACCEPT
- # iptables -I INPUT -s 211.123.16.123/24 -p tcp –dport 80 -j ACCEPT
以上是临时设置。
2.然后保存iptables
- # service iptables save
3.重启防火墙
- #service iptables restart
===============以下是转载================================================
以下是端口,先全部封再开某些的IP
- iptables –I INPUT –p tcp –dport 9889 –j DROP
- iptables –I INPUT –s 192.168.1.0/24 –p tcp –dport 9889 –j ACCEPT
如果用了NAT转发记得配合以下才能生效
- iptables –I FORWARD –p tcp –dport 80 –j DROP
- iptables –I FORWARD –s 192.168.1.0/24 –p tcp –dport 80 –j ACCEPT
常用的IPTABLES规则如下:
只能收发邮件,别的都关闭
- iptables –I Filter –m mac –mac–source 00:0F:EA:25:51:37 –j DROP
- iptables –I Filter –m mac –mac–source 00:0F:EA:25:51:37 –p udp –dport 53 –j ACCEPT
- iptables –I Filter –m mac –mac–source 00:0F:EA:25:51:37 –p tcp –dport 25 –j ACCEPT
- iptables –I Filter –m mac –mac–source 00:0F:EA:25:51:37 –p tcp –dport 110 –j ACCEPT
IPSEC NAT 策略
- iptables –I PFWanPriv –d 192.168.100.2 –j ACCEPT
- iptables –t nat –A PREROUTING –p tcp –dport 80 –d $INTERNET_ADDR –j DNAT –to–destination 192.168.100.2:80
- iptables –t nat –A PREROUTING –p tcp –dport 1723 –d $INTERNET_ADDR –j DNAT –to–destination 192.168.100.2:1723
- iptables –t nat –A PREROUTING –p udp –dport 1723 –d $INTERNET_ADDR –j DNAT –to–destination 192.168.100.2:1723
- iptables –t nat –A PREROUTING –p udp –dport 500 –d $INTERNET_ADDR –j DNAT –to–destination 192.168.100.2:500
- iptables –t nat –A PREROUTING –p udp –dport 4500 –d $INTERNET_ADDR –j DNAT –to–destination 192.168.100.2:4500
FTP服务器的NAT
- iptables –I PFWanPriv –p tcp –dport 21 –d 192.168.1.22 –j ACCEPT
- iptables –t nat –A PREROUTING –p tcp –dport 21 –d $INTERNET_ADDR –j DNAT –to–destination 192.168.1.22:21
只允许访问指定网址
- iptables –A Filter –p udp –dport 53 –j ACCEPT
- iptables –A Filter –p tcp –dport 53 –j ACCEPT
- iptables –A Filter –d www.ctohome.com –j ACCEPT
- iptables –A Filter –d www.guowaivps.com –j ACCEPT
- iptables –A Filter –j DROP
开放一个IP的一些端口,其它都封闭
- iptables –A Filter –p tcp –dport 80 –s 192.168.1.22 –d www.pconline.com.cn –j ACCEPT
- iptables –A Filter –p tcp –dport 25 –s 192.168.1.22 –j ACCEPT
- iptables –A Filter –p tcp –dport 109 –s 192.168.1.22 –j ACCEPT
- iptables –A Filter –p tcp –dport 110 –s 192.168.1.22 –j ACCEPT
- iptables –A Filter –p tcp –dport 53 –j ACCEPT
- iptables –A Filter –p udp –dport 53 –j ACCEPT
- iptables –A Filter –j DROP
多个端口
- iptables –A Filter –p tcp –m multiport –destination–port 22,53,80,110 –s 192.168.20.3 –j REJECT
连续端口
- iptables –A Filter –p tcp –m multiport –source–port 22,53,80,110 –s 192.168.20.3 –j REJECT iptables –A Filter –p tcp –source–port 2:80 –s 192.168.20.3 –j REJECT
指定时间上网
- iptables –A Filter –s 10.10.10.253 –m time –timestart 6:00 –timestop 11:00 –days Mon,Tue,Wed,Thu,Fri,Sat,Sun –j DROP
- iptables –A Filter –m time –timestart 12:00 –timestop 13:00 –days Mon,Tue,Wed,Thu,Fri,Sat,Sun –j ACCEPT
- iptables –A Filter –m time –timestart 17:30 –timestop 8:30 –days Mon,Tue,Wed,Thu,Fri,Sat,Sun –j ACCEPT
禁止多个端口服务
- iptables –A Filter –m multiport –p tcp –dport 21,23,80 –j ACCEPT
将WAN 口NAT到PC
- iptables –t nat –A PREROUTING –i $INTERNET_IF –d $INTERNET_ADDR –j DNAT –to–destination 192.168.0.1
将WAN口8000端口NAT到192。168。100。200的80端口
- iptables –t nat –A PREROUTING –p tcp –dport 8000 –d $INTERNET_ADDR –j DNAT –to–destination 192.168.1.22:80
MAIL服务器要转的端口
- iptables –t nat –A PREROUTING –p tcp –dport 110 –d $INTERNET_ADDR –j DNAT –to–destination 192.168.1.22:110
- iptables –t nat –A PREROUTING –p tcp –dport 25 –d $INTERNET_ADDR –j DNAT –to–destination 192.168.1.22:25
只允许PING 202。96。134。133,别的服务都禁止
- iptables –A Filter –p icmp –s 192.168.1.22 –d 202.96.134.133 –j ACCEPT
- iptables –A Filter –j DROP
禁用BT配置
- iptables –A Filter –p tcp –dport 6000:20000 –j DROP
禁用QQ防火墙配置
- iptables –A Filter –p udp –dport ! 53 –j DROP
- iptables –A Filter –d 218.17.209.0/24 –j DROP
- iptables –A Filter –d 218.18.95.0/24 –j DROP
- iptables –A Filter –d 219.133.40.177 –j DROP
基于MAC,只能收发邮件,其它都拒绝
- iptables –I Filter –m mac –mac–source 00:0A:EB:97:79:A1 –j DROP
- iptables –I Filter –m mac –mac–source 00:0A:EB:97:79:A1 –p tcp –dport 25 –j ACCEPT
- iptables –I Filter –m mac –mac–source 00:0A:EB:97:79:A1 –p tcp –dport 110 –j ACCEPT
禁用MSN配置
- iptables –A Filter –p udp –dport 9 –j DROP
- iptables –A Filter –p tcp –dport 1863 –j DROP
- iptables –A Filter –p tcp –dport 80 –d 207.68.178.238 –j DROP
- iptables –A Filter –p tcp –dport 80 –d 207.46.110.0/24 –j DROP
只允许PING 202。96。134。133 其它公网IP都不许PING
- iptables –A Filter –p icmp –s 192.168.1.22 –d 202.96.134.133 –j ACCEPT
- iptables –A Filter –p icmp –j DROP
禁止某个MAC地址访问internet:
- iptables –I Filter –m mac –mac–source 00:20:18:8F:72:F8 –j DROP
禁止某个IP地址的PING:
- iptables –A Filter –p icmp –s 192.168.0.1 –j DROP
禁止某个IP地址服务:
- iptables –A Filter –p tcp –s 192.168.0.1 –dport 80 –j DROP
- iptables –A Filter –p udp –s 192.168.0.1 –dport 53 –j DROP
只允许某些服务,其他都拒绝(2条规则)
- iptables –A Filter –p tcp –s 192.168.0.1 –dport 1000 –j ACCEPT
- iptables –A Filter –j DROP
禁止某个IP地址的某个端口服务
- iptables –A Filter –p tcp –s 10.10.10.253 –dport 80 –j ACCEPT
- iptables –A Filter –p tcp –s 10.10.10.253 –dport 80 –j DROP
禁止某个MAC地址的某个端口服务
- iptables –I Filter –p tcp –m mac –mac–source 00:20:18:8F:72:F8 –dport 80 –j DROP
禁止某个MAC地址访问internet:
- iptables –I Filter –m mac –mac–source 00:11:22:33:44:55 –j DROP
禁止某个IP地址的PING:
- iptables –A Filter –p icmp –s 192.168.0.1 –j DROP